Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

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In a chemical bond, what occurs during electron sharing?

A covalent bond is formed
An ionic bond is formed
A metallic bond is formed
A hydrogen bond is formed

The correct answer is: A covalent bond is formed

When electron sharing occurs in a chemical bond, a covalent bond is formed. In a covalent bond, two or more atoms share pairs of electrons, allowing each atom to attain the electron configuration of a noble gas. This sharing of electrons leads to the formation of a stable molecule, as the shared electrons contribute to the overall stability of the participating atoms. In contrast, an ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating charged ions that attract each other due to their opposite charges. A metallic bond is characterized by a "sea of electrons" that are free to move around, which explains properties like conductivity and malleability in metals. Hydrogen bonds are weaker interactions that result from the attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom. None of these bond types involve the sharing of electrons in the same manner that a covalent bond does, making the formation of a covalent bond the correct answer when discussing electron sharing.