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What does a pedigree chart represent?

  1. A diagram of genetic mutations

  2. A visual representation of family tree

  3. A chart documenting phenotypes

  4. A measurement of genetic variation

The correct answer is: A visual representation of family tree

A pedigree chart is used primarily to illustrate and track the inheritance patterns of certain traits through generations of a family, which makes it essentially a visual representation of a family tree. It provides critical information about the presence and absence of specific genetic traits among family members, thereby facilitating the understanding of genetic connections and the likelihood of hereditary conditions. This visual tool aids in genetic counseling, allowing healthcare professionals to assess the risk of genetic disorders being passed on to offspring. While there can be charts or other methods that document genetic mutations or phenotypes, a pedigree chart specifically focuses on familial relationships and inheritance rather than measuring genetic variation or detailing genetic mutations directly. It captures the relationships and traits present in a lineage, simplifying complex genetic information for analysis and understanding.